The Rising Pigeon Population: A Growing Concern......by Sakshi K Jasrotia
Chandigarh: ‘Kabootar ja ja ja kabootar ja ja ja” should be a new mantra of our life if we want to leave a better world for the upcoming generations.The unchecked pigeon population is another issue that seeks concern beside multiple more.
Pigeons, often referred to as the "rats of the sky," because of the diseases they spread, have become an increasingly prominent feature of urban landscapes in India.
While they may evoke nostalgia or offer a sense of connection with nature, their growing numbers pose significant challenges to public health, infrastructure, and the environment.
The rising pigeon population in Indian cities has led to a surge in health-related concerns. Pigeons are no more the carriers of messages instead they are the carriers of diseases such as histoplasmosis, cryptococcosis, and psittacosis.
These diseases are caused by fungi and bacteria present in pigeon droppings, which, when inhaled as airborne particles, can lead to severe respiratory issues.
The prevalence of pigeon-related health problems is particularly alarming in densely populated Indian cities like Mumbai, Delhi, and Bangalore, where residents often coexist with large flocks.
A study conducted by the All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) in 2022 revealed that nearly 15% of respiratory patients in urban hospitals were exposed to allergens linked to pigeons.
Additionally, children, the elderly, and those with weak immune systems are particularly vulnerable. Globally, studies such as one published in the Journal of Urban Health (2021) estimate that around 1% of respiratory infections in urban populations can be directly attributed to pigeon droppings and associated pathogens.
Not only our health, but the Pigeons’ overwhelming numbers contribute to significant environmental challenges.
Their acidic droppings corrode buildings, monuments, and bridges, leading to substantial maintenance costs. Iconic Indian heritage sites such as the Gateway of India and the Victoria Memorial have been affected by the relentless onslaught of pigeon droppings, necessitating regular cleaning and restoration efforts.
A report by the Archaeological Survey of India (2023) highlighted pigeon droppings as a major factor in the deterioration of heritage structures.
Furthermore, pigeons disrupt local ecosystems by outcompeting native bird species for food and nesting sites. This imbalance not only reduces biodiversity but also affects the natural food chain.
A study by the Bombay Natural History Society (2020) documented a 25% decline in native sparrow populations in urban areas due to competition from pigeons.
Pigeon feeding practices, a common sight in Indian parks and public spaces, exacerbate the problem by encouraging unnatural flock sizes.
The pigeon population boom is not limited to India. Cities worldwide, including New York, London, and Paris, have reported similar challenges. On a global scale, it is estimated by the World Health Organization (WHO) that pigeon-related health and environmental issues affect nearly 5% of the urban population in varying degrees.
These include direct health costs, infrastructure damage, and the ecological strain caused by pigeon overpopulation.We Indians are over generous when it comes to feeding others. We have always shown compassion towards the strays. But In this case we humans play a significant role in the increasing pigeon population. But this high time to take intense measure to deal with this issue.
“Education is the most powerful weapon you can use to change the world for the better”. By educating the public about the health risks of pigeons and discourage feeding them in public spaces can be first and foremost solution to this problem.
Learning from other countries facing the same concern could help control the problem.
Countries like Switzerland have enforced fines for pigeon feeding, which could serve as a model for Indian cities.Reduce nesting opportunities by installing pigeon spikes, nets, and other deterrents on buildings and monuments, which is seen commonly in our neighbourhood.
Encouraging the presence of natural predators, such as hawks or falcons, can help control pigeon populations naturally. Research-backed sterilization techniques, such as feeding pigeons contraceptive-treated food, have shown promise in humanely reducing their numbers.
A study in Barcelona (2020) demonstrated a 40% reduction in pigeon populations through such methods. Ensure proper disposal of food waste to limit the availability of food sources for pigeons in urban areas.
While pigeons may have cultural and aesthetic appeal, their unchecked population growth poses serious threats to human health, urban infrastructure, and biodiversity.
A concerted effort and innovative solutions is essential to tackle this issue effectively. By taking proactive measures today, we can ensure a healthier, more balanced coexistence with our feathered neighbors and preserve the integrity of our urban environments for future generations.
January 7, 2025
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Sakshi K Jasrotia, Educator, Writer & Social Activist
skj2022.sj@gmail.com
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